Generic version: Is that website any good?

• Stanley Sadie (ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians. 2nd ed. 29 vols. London: Macmillan, 2001 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,G39). Also available in electronic form. The standard music encyclopaedia and the starting point for the majority of queries. Most articles include a bibliography and the composer worklists are authoritative.
• Friedrich Blume (ed.), Die Musik in Geschichte und Gegenwart. 17 vols. Basel: Bärenreiter, 1949-86 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,M52; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,M53). The German equivalent of Grove . The second edition, (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,B61; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,B61), was published in 2001 with the subject volumes (Sachteilen) first (completed in 1999), followed by the biographical volumes.
• There are several offshoots of The New Grove Dictionary of Music which cover specific subjects and have longer and more up-to-date articles than those in the parent work:
  • Julie Anne Sadie (ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Women Composers. London: Macmillan, 1994 (Red 2 Ref. 780.91,S53). Gives worldwide coverage of all periods.
  • Stanley Sadie (ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Musical Instruments. 3 vols. London: Macmillan, 1984 (Red 2 Ref. 781.91,G3).
  • H. Wiley Hitchcock and Stanley Sadie (eds), The New Grove Dictionary of American Music. 4 vols. London: Macmillan, 1986 (Red 2 Ref. 780.973,G17).
  • Stanley Sadie (ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Opera . 4 vols. London: Macmillan, 1992 (Red 2 Ref. 782.03,S1 Lenagan Lib. Ref. 782.03,S1). This - and the New Grove Dictionary of Jazz - are incorporated in Grove Music Online.
• Theodore Baker, Baker's Biographical Dictionary of Musicians. 7th ed., revised by Nicolas Slonimsky. New York: Schirmer, 1984 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,B7). This is an authoritative work which gives concise biographical information with lists of works for composers of all periods.
• Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. 10 vols. Garland, 1998. (Red 2 Ref. 780.3/G38)
• Barry Kernfeld (ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Jazz. 3 vols. 3rd ed. London: Macmillan, 2002 (Red 2Ref. 785.42,N1).
• C. Larkin (ed.), Encyclopedia of Popular Music.3rd ed. Muze UK, 1998. (Red 2 Ref. 780.3/L6)
• Don Michael Randel (ed.), The New Harvard Dictionary of Music. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1986 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,R6; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,R7). This definitive work covers techniques, styles and terminology but, unlike most music dictionaries, does not contain entries for individual composers.

• Vincent Duckles, Music Reference and Research Materials: An Annotated Bibliography. 5th ed. New York: Schirmer, 1997 (Red 2 Ref. 781.97,D114). Contains comprehensive annotated lists of over 3,000 reference books on music, with an excellent subject index which can be used to find catalogues and bibliographies on a particular composer or topic.
• Sophie Fuller, The Pandora Guide to Women Composers: Britain and the United States, 1629-Present . London: Pandora, 1994 (Red 2 Ref. 780.91,F2). This has longer articles than the wider-ranging New Grove Dictionary of Women Composers and gives good coverage of contemporary composers.
• Richard D. Green, Index to Composer Bibliographies. Detroit: Information Co-ordinators, 1985 (Red 2 Ref. 781.97,G11). A bibliography of lists of writings about composers, arranged alphabetically by composer.
• Maurice Hinson, Guide to the Pianist's Repertoire. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1973, with a 1979 supplement (Lenagan Lib. Ref. 781.97,H5). Lists works composer by composer, attempting to show what is available with a brief description of what the music is like. The third edition is available as an e-book.
• Sergius Kagen, Music for the Voice: A Descriptive List of Concert and Teaching Material. Rev. ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1968 (Red 2 Ref. 781.97,K1). Includes information on the compass and tessitura of each piece.
• Gustave Kobbé, Complete Opera Book. 9th ed. London: Putnam, 1976 (782.08,K35). The standard collection of detailed plot synopses for most operas in the performing repertoire.
• Alfred Loewenberg, Annals of Opera, 1597-1940. 3rd ed. London: Calder, 1978 (Red 2 Ref. 782.09,L53). A chronological list of operas from 1597 to 1940 giving details of first performances and significant revivals
• Harold J. Diamond, Music Analyses: An Annotated Guide to the Literature. New York: Schirmer, 1991 (Red 2 Ref. 781.5,D7). An annotated bibliography of music analyses in published sources and theses, arranged by composer and then work. 'Analysis' is applied in its widest sense. The annotations do not identify the analytical approach being applied in each case.
• Arthur Wenk, Analyses of Nineteenth- and Twentieth-Century Music: 1940-1985. Boston: Music Library Association, 1987 (Red 2 Ref. 781.97,M12). Again the interpretation of 'analysis' is very broad, taken to mean any writing which is technical rather than biographical. The bibliography is not annotated, but there is good coverage of minor composers.

• British Music Yearbook . (Current year REF 780.58,M2; Lenagan. Lib. Counter Reserve). Contains listings of artists, venues, competitions, music education, publishers, instrument manufacturers, etc. in the UK. An international section covers music information centres, orchestras, opera companies, competitions and festivals abroad.
• International Who's Who in Classical Music. 19th Ed. Europa, 2003. (Red 2 Ref 780.91/I1)
• International Who's Who in Music and Musicians' Directory. Cambridge: International Who's Who in Music, 1999 (REF 780.91,W33). Contains brief information on living composers, performers, musicologists, teachers, etc., with addresses. Coverage is patchy, but it may be the only published source of information on a minor figure
• Barbara Penny, Music in British Libraries: A Directory of Resources. 4th ed. London: Library Association, 1992 (REF 026.78,P47). Gives addresses, opening hours and brief summaries of holdings, and contains an index to special collections by composer or subject.

• Lali Weerasinghe, Directory of Recorded Sound Resources in the UK. London: British Library National Sound Archive, 1989 (Blue 1 Ref 026.7899,W1). This is a directory of all kinds of recorded sound collections, with subject index.
• Michael H. Gray and Gerald D. Gibson, Bibliography of Discographies. Vol. 1: Classical Music, 1925-1975. New York: Bowker, 1977 (Red 2 Ref. 781.97,G8). Lists the many available discographies for individual composers and performers and includes discographies within monographs or published as periodical articles.

• Richard Burbank, Twentieth Century Music. London: Thames & Hudson, 1984 (Red 2 Ref. 780.9,B42). A chronology of the years 1901-79, dividing each year into sections on opera, dance, instrumental and vocal music, births, deaths and debuts, and related events, with a thorough index. Useful for getting an overview of a particular year or decade. One of the best sources for dates of twentieth-century premieres.
• Paul Griffiths, The Thames and Hudson Encyclopaedia of 20th-Century Music. London: Thames & Hudson, 1986 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,G4; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,G3). A concise, quick-reference dictionary by a leading writer on contemporary music.
• Nicholas Slonimsky, Music since 1900. 5th ed. New York: Schirmer, 1994 ( Ref. 780.9,S61). Day-by-day chronology of the years 1900-90. Not divided by subject, but with a thorough index and an appendix of important documents relating to, for example, futurism, the Second Viennese School, music in Soviet Russia and Nazi Germany. Allowances should be made for the author's idiosyncratic style.
• Brian Morton and Pamela Collins (eds), Contemporary Composers. London: St James' Press, 1992 (Red 2 Ref. 780.91,M8). Brief articles with bibliographies and worklists. Includes some composers who receive only a brief mention or who are not found at all in The New Grove Dictionary of Music.
• Kenneth Thompson, A Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Composers (1911-1971). London: Faber, 1973 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,T78; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,T83). Covers only thirty-two major composers, giving for each one a brief biography, followed by a detailed chronological worklist which includes details of first performances (including first broadcast performance) with performers and date of publication. There is a bibliography for each work and a general bibliography for each composer.
• John Vinton, Dictionary of Twentieth-Century Music. London: Thames & Hudson, 1974 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,V1; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,V2). Brief articles on composers, countries, techniques and terminology. Each entry includes a bibliography.

• Hans Heinrich Eggebrecht (ed.), Handwörterbuch der musikalischen Terminologie. Wiesbaden: Steiner, 1972- (Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,H4). A looseleaf publication in progress which has long articles (in German) on musical terms.
• Terminorum musicae index septem linguis redactus. Budapest: Akademiaia Kiado, 1978 (Red 2 780.3,L2). A specialist polyglot dictionary of musical terms in English, German, French, Italian, Spanish, Russian and Hungarian.
• Julian Hodgson, Music Titles in Translation: A Checklist of Musical Compositions. London: Clive Bingley, 1976 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,H9; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,H5). Enables the finding of the most usual English translation for the title of a foreign musical work, or the original title of a foreign work where only the English translation is known.
• David Damschroder and David Russell Williams, Music Theory from Zarlino to Schenker: A Bibliography and Guide . Stuyvesant: Pendragon, 1990 (Red 2Ref. 781,D28). Arranged in alphabetical order by name of theorist, each entry includes a summary of the person's contribution to music theory with a list of her/his writings and a bibliography. There is also a chronological checklist of names.

Thematic catalogues are one of the best ways of finding out basic information about a particular work, and most of them give the locations of principal manuscript sources and publishers of early editions.

Some, for example Schmieder (BWV) for Bach, Hoboken (Hob.) for Haydn, Köchel (K.) for Mozart and Deutsch (D.) for Schubert, have become household names.

Most of the ones held by the Library are shelved in the Arts Ref. section at 781.97. To find out whether a catalogue has been produced for a particular composer, check Barry S. Brook, Thematic Catalogues in Music: An Annotated Bibliography. 2nd ed. New York: Pendragon, 1997 (Red 2. 781.97,B62).

Two reference books which are useful if you have a piece of music for which you wish to identify the composer or title are by Harold Barlow and Sam Morgenstern:

• A Dictionary of Musical Themes. London: Ernest Benn, 1949 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,B11; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,B13); 
• A Dictionary of Vocal Themes. London: Ernest Benn, 1956 (Red 2 Ref. 780.3,B12; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 780.3,B14).

Finding out whether a piece of music has been published, and checking on its availability for study or performance, can be time-consuming. If the work you require does not appear in Library Search, the following sources may be helpful.

One way of trying to find out whether a particular work has been published is to check the holdings of a major music library.

One of the most significant published catalogues is The Catalogue of Printed Music in the British Library to 1980 . 62 vols. London: K.G. Saur, 1981-87 (Red 2 Ref. 781.97,B61).

This is now available on the web as part of the British Library's web catalogue, although the bibliographic information on the web is less complete.

Another huge catalogue is that of the BBC Music Library. It is divided into several sections:

• Orchestral - 4 vols (Red 2 Ref. 781.97,B46);
• Choral and Opera - 2 vols;
• Chamber Music; Piano and Organ - 2 vols;
• and Song - 4 vols (all at Red 2 Ref. 781.97,B28).

Many libraries now make their catalogues available via the Internet. One means of access to these is via the Caecilia website.

Orchestral performance sets, with details of which libraries have copies for loan, are listed in the British Union Catalogue of Orchestral Sets (BUCOS). 2nd ed. Boston Spa: BLDSC, 1989 (Lenagan Lib. Ref. 781.97,R3). Supplement 1995 (Lenagan. Lib. Ref. 781.97,R9).

If a set is not listed here, the likelihood is that it is available only on hire from its publishers.

The music for which you are looking may be published within a volume of a series or collected edition. There are three reference books which index such collections, and they can be used to locate a particular work within a composer's collected works.

• S.R. Charles, A Handbook of Music and Musical Literature in Sets and Series . New York: Free Press, 1972 (Red 2 Music Ref. 781.97,C5), covers monographs on music and periodicals as well as monuments and collected editions.
• A.H. Heyer, Historical Sets, Collected Editions and Monuments of Music: A Guide to their Contents. 3rd ed. Chicago: American Library Association, 1980 (Red 2 Music Ref. 781.97,H34; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 781.97,H35) has a thorough index which makes it easy to find a particular work.
• G.R. Hill and N.L. Stephens, Collected Editions, Historical Series & Sets, & Monuments of Music. Berkeley: Fallen Leaf Press, 1997 (Red 2 Music Ref. 781.97,H39; Lenagan Dept. Lib. 781.97,H39) updates Heyer, but does not index the contents of individual composer collected editions.

The British Union Catalogue of Early Music (BUCEM) . 2 vols. London: Butterworths, 1957 (Red 2 Music Ref. 781.97,B50; Lenagan Lib. Ref. 781.97,B51) covers music printed before 1801 with locations of examples in Britain.

Howard Mayer Brown, Instrumental Music Printed before 1600: A Bibliography. Cambridge, Mass: Harvard University Press, 1965 (Red 2 Ref. 781.97,B60). Arranged in chronological order, this catalogue is especially useful for its indexing of the contents of each volume of printed music.

Of great importance for Renaissance music is the University of Illinois Musicological Archives' Census-Catalogue of Manuscript Sources of Polyphonic Music, 1400-1550. 5 vols. Neuhausen-Stuttgart: American Institute of Musicology/Hänssler-Verlag, 1979-88 (Red 2 Music Ref. 781.97,I3).

RISM (Repértoire International des Sources Musicales). Kassel: Bärenreiter, 1971- (Red 2 Music Ref. 781.97,R1). RISM is an ongoing international project to compile a historical bibliography of manuscript and printed music and books on music with locations.

Sections published to date include coverage of printed music before 1800, manuscripts of polyphonic music from the eleventh to the sixteenth century, manuscripts of tropes and sequences, books on music published before 1800, and manuscripts of Hebrew, Arabic and Latin theoretical works. Series A is arranged by name of composer, Series B by type or format.

The worklists in The New Grove Dictionary of Music (part of Oxford Music Online) often give the location of the primary manuscript sources for a work, as do thematic catalogues. In addition, many libraries and collections have produced catalogues of their manuscript holdings.

One of the most important is A. Hughes-Hughes, Catalogue of Manuscript Music in the British Museum . 3 vols. London: Trustees of the British Museum, 1906-09 (Red 2 Music Ref. 781.97,B35), supplemented by Pamela J. Willetts, Handlist of Music Manuscripts acquired 1908-67. London: Trustees of the British Museum, 1970 (Red 2 Music Ref 781.97,B40).

Further information about what are now the British Library (formerly British Museum) manuscript collections can be found on the web (https://searcharchives.bl.uk/primo_library/libweb/action/search.do?dscnt=1&dstmp=1347634180662&vid=IAMS_VU2&fromLogin=true ).

The British Library reports, Conferences and Theses can be searched for through the British Library Integrated Catalogue.

Use these p tags if you need multiple paragraphs

The Conference Proceedings Citation Index Literature via Web of Science is taken from the most significant conferences, symposia, seminars, colloquia, workshops, and conventions worldwide. Available in two editions: Sciences & Technology and Social Science Literature from the most significant conferences, symposia, seminars, colloquia, workshops, and conventions worldwide. Available in two editions: Sciences & Technology and Social Science.

Google Scholar provides a quick way to search for scholarly literature across disciplines and sources. You can find articles, theses, books, abstracts and grey literature from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other sources.

Grey Net provides information about grey literature. GreySource Index provides a list of web-based grey literature resources.

MIAR is a matrix of data from more than 100 international indexing and abstracting databases (citation, multidisciplinary or specialised databases) and journal repertoires, which is developed with the purpose of providing useful information for the identification of scientific journals and the analysis of their diffusion. The system works through the elaboration of a correspondence matrix between the journals, identified by their ISSN, and the databases and directories that index or include them.

MIAR has more than 48,000 journal records, but a search in MIAR using a valid ISSN number will return information on the diffusion of any journal in the world at the sources analysed by MIAR, whether or not it has its own record in MIAR.

MIAR 2023 live. Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals.

OpenGrey is a multidisciplinary European resource which provides open access to 700,000 bibliographical references of grey literature produced in Europe. It covers science, technology, biomedical science, economics, social science and humanities.
Examples of grey literature include technical or research reports, doctoral dissertations, conference papers and official publications.

Science.gov searches over 55 databases and over 2100 selected websites from 15 federal agencies, offering 200 million pages of authoritative U.S. government science information including research and development results. Science.gov is governed by the interagency Science.gov Alliance.

Social Science Research Network (SSRN) is devoted to the rapid worldwide dissemination of social science research and is composed of a number of specialized research networks in each of the social sciences.

Scopus is a user-friendly database covering some 12,000 journals from all aspects of science, technology and medicine, with some quite sophisticated features.

The British Library reports, Conferences and Theses can be searched for through the British Library Integrated Catalogue.

Use these p tags if you need multiple paragraphs

Google Scholar provides a quick way to search for scholarly literature across disciplines and sources. You can find articles, theses, books, abstracts and grey literature from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other sources.

Grey Net provides information about grey literature. GreySource Index provides a list of web-based grey literature resources.

OpenDOAR is an authoritative directory of academic open access repositories.

OpenGrey is a multidisciplinary European resource which provides open access to 700,000 bibliographical references of grey literature produced in Europe. It covers science, technology, biomedical science, economics, social science and humanities.
Examples of grey literature include technical or research reports, doctoral dissertations, conference papers and official publications.

Science.gov searches over 55 databases and over 2100 selected websites from 15 federal agencies, offering 200 million pages of authoritative U.S. government science information including research and development results. Science.gov is governed by the interagency Science.gov Alliance

Social Science Research Network (SSRN) is devoted to the rapid worldwide dissemination of social science research and is composed of a number of specialized research networks in each of the social sciences.

The UK International Repository searches across 130 UK academic repositories. Document types includes Report, Conference Object, Working paper.

Scopus is a user-friendly database covering some 12,000 journals from all aspects of science, technology and medicine, with some quite sophisticated features.

Choose one of your key subject databases from the databases page of this guide and carry out a search for your topic area. Find an article that you are interested in and look at the options for that article. Usually one of the options will be setting up a Citation Alert for a specific article; follow the instructions to set up the citation alert. If you are not sure, check the video out above and use the Web of knowledge database. It is multidisciplinary and suitable for most subjects taught at the University of Manchester. 

Do you have key journals that you go back on a regular basis? Sign up to Zetoc and JournalTocs, add your favourite journals and set it up to email you the latest table of contents when they are published. Compare the two services to decide on which you prefer. 

1. Join Twitter, follow other users that tweet about your areas of interest. Check out the “who to follow” list, carry out a keyword search and join in!
2. Join Linkedin; answer questions, comment on posts, connect with like minded people.
3. Follow and message people who follow and message you.
4. Don’t just ‘like’ groups on Facebook; make sure you participate as well.
5. Subscribe to a blog you like, check out the blogs that your 'expert' follows. You may be surprised to find out how quick it is to put together a list of key blogs to follow.
6. Use an RSS reader (Feedly, Newsblur) to stay up to date with bloggers you follow.
7. Use email instead of messaging to communicate with people in your network. It’s a more personal approach.
8. Ask you friends what they use as part of their PLN. What do your lecturers use?

Sign up to and use at least two of the above feed readers to see which one suits your requirements. Add a few of the feeds from websites that you use on a daily basis and also carry out a search on a library databases in your subject area, click on the RSS feed icon and add it to your feed reader. 

Take a look at the following blogs from Manchester staff and students.

• Frog Blog, Manchester Museum
• Whitehall Watch, Colin Talbot, MBS
• Cyberbadger, Martin Dodge, Geography
• Leaders we deserve, Prof. Tudor Rickards

https://manchesterstudentblogs.wordpress.com/

• Do a google blog search in your discipline area and see who is writing about things you are interested in. Sign up to get alerts from the blogs that interest you the most.

• Find an expert that blogs in your field, locate the links section and check out the blogs that your 'expert' follows. You may be surprised to find out how quick it is to put together a list of key blogs to follow.

Search the resources above for discussion lists in your subject area and subscribe to 2 or 3 relevant lists. Its easy to unsubscribe from a mailing list if you don't find it useful.

Citation analysis can give you not only quantitative but also qualitative information. Our service includes training and guidance enabling you to assess the citation impact of your own research. 

Find out more about citation analysis.

Pure aims to sustain and enhance the research reputations of individuals and organisations affiliated with the University. We provide dedicated support and advice to all users of the service. 

Find out more about Pure.

Developments in the scholarly communication landscape have created new opportunities and pressures to consider when choosing where to publish your research. This service provides assistance in the publication and promotion of your research, including guidance on Open Access publishing.

Find out more about the Scholarly Communication Service.

All data needs to be managed somehow, even if that means merely knowing where it is stored, and what the context of the data is. For research data however, this is rarely enough, and our Research Data Management Service will help you get to grips with the requirements of funding bodies and University policy.

Find out more about Research Data Management

The Open Access movement is a worldwide effort to make scholarly work available online to everyone, regardless of their ability to pay for access.  Many funding bodies now insist that scholarly work arising from their funding be made Open Access.  There are two ways to make papers Open Access:

1. Gold – via journals

2. Green – via repositories

The Library provides support for researchers at the University who want to publish Open Access.  Further information can be found on the Open Access at Manchester website.

The British Library reports, Conferences and Theses can be searched for through the British Library Integrated Catalogue.

Use these p tags if you need multiple paragraphs

The Conference Proceedings Citation Index Literature via Web of Science is taken from the most significant conferences, symposia, seminars, colloquia, workshops, and conventions worldwide. Available in two editions: Sciences & Technology and Social Science Literature from the most significant conferences, symposia, seminars, colloquia, workshops, and conventions worldwide. Available in two editions: Sciences & Technology and Social Science.

Google Scholar provides a quick way to search for scholarly literature across disciplines and sources. You can find articles, theses, books, abstracts and grey literature from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other sources.

Grey Net provides information about grey literature. GreySource Index provides a list of web-based grey literature resources.

MIAR is a matrix of data from more than 100 international indexing and abstracting databases (citation, multidisciplinary or specialised databases) and journal repertoires, which is developed with the purpose of providing useful information for the identification of scientific journals and the analysis of their diffusion. The system works through the elaboration of a correspondence matrix between the journals, identified by their ISSN, and the databases and directories that index or include them.

MIAR has more than 48,000 journal records, but a search in MIAR using a valid ISSN number will return information on the diffusion of any journal in the world at the sources analysed by MIAR, whether or not it has its own record in MIAR.

MIAR 2023 live. Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals.

OpenGrey is a multidisciplinary European resource which provides open access to 700,000 bibliographical references of grey literature produced in Europe. It covers science, technology, biomedical science, economics, social science and humanities.
Examples of grey literature include technical or research reports, doctoral dissertations, conference papers and official publications.

Science.gov searches over 55 databases and over 2100 selected websites from 15 federal agencies, offering 200 million pages of authoritative U.S. government science information including research and development results. Science.gov is governed by the interagency Science.gov Alliance.

Social Science Research Network (SSRN) is devoted to the rapid worldwide dissemination of social science research and is composed of a number of specialized research networks in each of the social sciences.

Scopus is a user-friendly database covering some 12,000 journals from all aspects of science, technology and medicine, with some quite sophisticated features.

• By applying the What, Why, When, Who, Where and How criteria you will be able to review the information you find and ensure that it is relevant and of high academic quality.

What is the purpose of the source?

• Is it written from a biased perspective or does it offer an objective viewpoint? (View an example)
• Has it been written from a commerical, political or overtly emotional perspective?
• Is it sponsored by a company or political organization?
• Another quick way to check the value of a site is to look at the other websites that link to it. So is it linked to a variety of academic sources or a number of biased sources?

• Why does it exist?
• Why was it published?
• Is it trying to convince you of a particular view?

• When was the item produced?
• Is the information up to date?
• When was the website last updated?

• Is the author identified or anonymous? If they are anonymous ask yourself why?
• Can you see if the author is an academic? An expert in their field? If you are not sure carry out a quick google search for the author to see if they are attached to a University.
• Has the author written other books or journal articles that demonstrate their knowledge of the subject?
• Who is the information aimed at? General public, students, researchers, academic staff?
• Is there a bibliography at the end of the document citing all the sources referred to in the document?

By asking the above questions you can determine if the author is qualified to write about a subject and wether to use it as a source in your own work.

• Where was it published?
• Is it a news article, information from a personal blog or papers from a research group?
• If the article has been published in a peer reviewed journal then it has been quality assured by experts.

The initial impressions of this website are that it starts from the assumption that fracking is wrong , uses strong emotional language to put its point across and does not offer any conflicting viewpoints. There are a long list of links relating to Fracking information under the resources tab which includes similar websites and also a few pro sites at the end. As you delve deeper though there is a section focusing on the Science and Data they have used to form their conclusions. There is even a reference to the Tyndall Centre at the University of Manchester - a climate change research group.

the site is focused on proving that fracking in the UK is detrimental to the health of the environment and that of the communities where the fracking is taking place.

there is no upload or amendment date on the main home page so we have no idea of when the information has been added. At the end of the homepage there is a comment which was posted on September 2011. If you click on the Latest tab you can view the dates that the information was posted on the blog with the latest being June 2013 so the information is recent.

What can we tell from the site about the qualifications of the author? I couldn't see any specific information on the homepage about who was responsible for the information on the site. The "Contact us" tab is an anonymous form where you can send your questions so there is no contact names there either. In the latest tab the posts are not anonymous as they have been posted by radix but we can't tell who they are and what experience/qualifications they have on the subject of fracking.

The website contains personal posts and a wide variety of re-posts some of which are from the scientific community. The site also has the feel of a personal blog rather than an academic one.

The data was collected from a variety of sources some of which are verified academic sources e.g. Nature - the International Weekly Journal of Science. Other sources include TruckGauge a susbscription site for those industries interested in the trucking industry.

This is a UK Government website detailing the "Information, publications, guidance and data relating to onshore exploration and production, including mapping, seismic activity, wells, and licensing and regulation". This is a political website so it will include bias as the current UK Government is pro fracking and has comissioned a number of reports and surveys to see if fracking should go ahead in the UK. It links to a wide range of scientific / goverment bodies including the Royal Society of Engineering, the Environment Agency and the HSE (Health Safety Executive). The tone is less emotional than the Frack Off site and more factual.

In 2011 the North West of England experienced two seismic tremors which led to the suspension of fracking as the event was investigated. This website includes the scientific evidence collected during the investigative process and an independant assessment of the event from three leading experts in seismology.

The website has been updated on a regular basis with the last update on the 27th June 2013 and there is a named contact on the homepage.

The website contains links from a wide variety of scientific sources who are experts in their particular fields e.g. the Department of Energy & Climate Change and the British Geological Survey. At the end of each document you can view the bibliography which is the full list of references that illustrate the range of sources consulted as the documents were written. The information is aimed at those in government and also the general public to inform them of the investigation into the seismic tremors and the conclusions that were drawn from the investigation.

The reports have been published on the UK Government website.

The data was collected from a range of academic sources with the conclusions backed up by verifiable data.

The British Library reports, Conferences and Theses can be searched for through the British Library Integrated Catalogue.

Use these p tags if you need multiple paragraphs

The Conference Proceedings Citation Index Literature via Web of Science is taken from the most significant conferences, symposia, seminars, colloquia, workshops, and conventions worldwide. Available in two editions: Sciences & Technology and Social Science Literature from the most significant conferences, symposia, seminars, colloquia, workshops, and conventions worldwide. Available in two editions: Sciences & Technology and Social Science.

Google Scholar provides a quick way to search for scholarly literature across disciplines and sources. You can find articles, theses, books, abstracts and grey literature from academic publishers, professional societies, online repositories, universities and other sources.

Grey Net provides information about grey literature. GreySource Index provides a list of web-based grey literature resources.

MIAR is a matrix of data from more than 100 international indexing and abstracting databases (citation, multidisciplinary or specialised databases) and journal repertoires, which is developed with the purpose of providing useful information for the identification of scientific journals and the analysis of their diffusion. The system works through the elaboration of a correspondence matrix between the journals, identified by their ISSN, and the databases and directories that index or include them.

MIAR has more than 48,000 journal records, but a search in MIAR using a valid ISSN number will return information on the diffusion of any journal in the world at the sources analysed by MIAR, whether or not it has its own record in MIAR.

MIAR 2023 live. Information Matrix for the Analysis of Journals.

OpenGrey is a multidisciplinary European resource which provides open access to 700,000 bibliographical references of grey literature produced in Europe. It covers science, technology, biomedical science, economics, social science and humanities.
Examples of grey literature include technical or research reports, doctoral dissertations, conference papers and official publications.

Science.gov searches over 55 databases and over 2100 selected websites from 15 federal agencies, offering 200 million pages of authoritative U.S. government science information including research and development results. Science.gov is governed by the interagency Science.gov Alliance.

Social Science Research Network (SSRN) is devoted to the rapid worldwide dissemination of social science research and is composed of a number of specialized research networks in each of the social sciences.

Scopus is a user-friendly database covering some 12,000 journals from all aspects of science, technology and medicine, with some quite sophisticated features.

www.sigmaaldrich.com www.ilpi.com/msds/#Internet

Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry

• Towler and Sinnott (2013) Chemical Engineering Design, Ch. 14 and Ch. 19
• Hall (2012) Branan's Rules of Thumb for Chemical Engineers (5^th ed.)

• Smith (2016) Chemical Process Design and Integration (2^nd ed., Appendix B)
• Green et al. (2008) Perry's Chemical Engineers' Handbook (8^th ed.,Chapter 26) 

www.sigmaaldrich.com www.ilpi.com/msds/#Internet

https://www.cds.rsc.org

https://detherm.cds.rsc.org/

Fluid Phase Equilibria

Journal of Chemical and Engineering Data

Reaction Kinetics, Mechanisms and Catalysis

Progress in Reaction Kinetics and Mechanism

www.scopus.com

Web of Science

SciFinder

IChemE (via Library)

AIChE - American Institute of Chemical Engineers

• ​Towler and Sinnott (2013) Chemical Engineering Design
• Smith (2016) Chemical Process Design and Integration
• Peters, Timmerhaus and West (2004), Plant Design and Economics for Chemical Engineers (660.013 PET, not online)
• “Economic Indicators” in Chemical Engineering (Albany, NY), via ProQuest (via Library)

ICIS Chemical Business